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Topic: Fermentation

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Fantastic Fermentations

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Careful attention must be paid to fermentation to achieve great wine. We gathered experts from four different yeast laboratories to glean advice on selecting yeast strains, co-inoculation, optimal fermentation conditions, and more.

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Wine Fermentation 101

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Fermentation is a chemical reaction that takes place when yeast turns sugar into carbon dioxide and alcohol. Obviously, this is a critical part of the entire process. A yeast cell will turn

Malolactic Fermentation

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Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is a secondary fermentation occurring when malolactic (ML) bacteria become active in the presence of malic acid. Bacteria may be present naturally in fresh grape juice or wines. It

Controlling Fermentation Temperature

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Many hobby winemakers believe that fermentation temperature control is beyond their reach — but this isn’t so! Discover how to keep temperatures in the proper range.

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Fermentation Temperature Control

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This cooling setup keeps wine must within just a few degrees of target temperatures.

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Why The Tiny Bubbles?

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There are so many microbes that can produce tiny bubbles in new wines that perhaps your question should be, what microbes will not produce tiny bubbles in dry must? Everything from (of

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Refermentation Questions

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It’s hard to tell exactly what may be the issue because wines that just finish fermenting and are so young often have “funny” smells and do indeed not smell like the finished

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Fermentation Dynamics

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There are temperature ranges advisable for fermenting all wine styles, but how does each end of that range affect the aroma, taste, and body of your wine?

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Malolactic Fermentation Timing

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I’m a little old school when it comes to malolactic fermentation, but it’s always served me well. There are some winemakers who try to get a jump on malolactic (ML) completion and

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Fermentation and Aging Containers

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Oak, Glass, Plastic, and Stainless Steel wine container must be sturdy enough for the purpose and not likely to introduce negative changes to the wine quality. Size is important, depending on the

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Yeast Nutrient Strategies

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Grape juice is a pretty tough environment if you’re a yeast cell. The pH is low, there’s high osmotic stress (stress from the environmental conditions being such that the flow of water

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Fermentation Temperature Control

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For those that would like to start getting a better handle on the fermentation temperature of their wines, you’ve found the right spot.

Fermenter Options for any Size Home Winery

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When setting out to make wine from grapes, one of the first major decisions is what you will use as a fermentation container. For most winemaking, you will need a primary fermenter

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Wild Yeast Fermentations: Tips from the Pros

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Not every winemaker makes wine with commercially-cultivated yeast strains. In fact, lots of commercial winemakers let their wines ferment with wild yeast from the grapes and in the winery. Here we have

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Choosing Your First Fermenter

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Explore the options for your first fermentation vessel.

Malolactic Fermentation Timing

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Home Winemakers, Let’s Take a Vote: Those of you who put your wines through malolactic fermentation only after the alcoholic fermentation is complete, raise your hands. Now those of you who do

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Fermentation Troubleshooting with Wine Kits

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The failure rate of wine made from kits is very low. Looking back at my database for the last 14 years and eliminating the weirder stuff (you simply would not believe how

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Using Variable Volume Wine Tanks

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Over the past few years I have made larger ­­­and larger batches of wine, and as a result the number of carboys I use has really added up. Each year I try

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Malolactic Fermentation for Beginners

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A quick explanation of what malolactic fermentation is, and how/when you may want to do it.

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Stopping Fermentation

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Learn how to stop fermentation before reaching dryness, plus when and why a winemaker may wish to do so.

Co-Inoculation with Wine Yeasts and Bacteria

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Ask 5 winemakers and you may get 6 opinions about co-inocculation. But what does the science say?

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Fermentation Troubles

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Hi Lauren, great question. There are so many steps along the way where a fermentation can get into trouble, or “go pear shaped” as my interns from New Zealand used to say.

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Wild Yeast Fermentation

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Wild or native yeasts, according to a general definition, occur naturally in the air or on surfaces. While the word, ‘wild’ might give the romantic impression that winemaking’s native yeasts come from

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Modern Malolactic

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There once was a time when MLF only happened spontaneously in winemaking. These days, however, winemakers have more choices when it comes to performing MLF.

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Measuring Brix in Fermentation

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Like most everything in winemaking, the glib answer is, “It depends.” The real answer, however, is much more complex and as you intimate, experience can play a large part in fine-tuning your

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